Dominoes is perhaps the most favorite game of Cubans. A visit to any town or city in Cuba or Little Havana in Miami will allow the visitor to witness the passion of Cubans when they play dominoes. The Latin American Grammy winning song “Patria y Vida” (Homeland and Life) written in 2021 by artists on and off the island describes Cuba as a game of dominos between two players: the government which is identified as 59 or the year 1959 and the current generation identified as

Voting rights for African Americans can be viewed as a repeating cycle from disenfranchisement and suppression (1789 to 1867) to enfranchisement and expansion (1867 to 1877) to disenfranchisement and suppression (1877 to 1965) to enfranchisement and expansion (1965 to 2013) and to disenfranchisement and suppression (post 2013). This essay looks at these periods and the factors that led to changes in the cycle of voting rights for African Americans in the United States. 1789

Frenchman Hector St. John de Crevecoeur made the following note about Americans in 1782 “religious indifference is imperceptibly disseminated from one end of the continent to the other. (See Note 1)” Historians find that one in 20 Americans regularly attended church in 1790. According to Church Historian, Robert T. Handy, "No more than 10 percent of Americans in 1800 were members of congregations (see note 2).” It was not until after the Second Great Revival (1790 – 1840) t